dosage compensation การใช้

• A summary of these forms of dosage compensation is illustrated below.
• However, bird mechanisms of dosage compensation differ significantly from these precedents.
• Y chromosome, and described the mechanism of dosage compensation.
• X inactivation plays a key role in dosage compensation.
• A summary of this C . elegans mechanism of dosage compensation is illustrated below.
• Complete dosage compensation and sex-biased gene expression in the moth Manduca sexta.
• This appears to be a system similar to the selective silencing method of dosage compensation observed in birds.
• The evidence for this mechanism of dosage compensation was discovered prior to scientists understanding of what its implications were.
• This supports the hypothesis that these XSEs act together to achieve the desired sex determination and dosage compensation fate.
• Hyperactivation is a term also used to express an X chromosome gene dosage compensation mechanism and is seen in Drosophila.
• There has been evidence that the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway participates in X chromosome dosage compensation in mammals.
• This type of selective silencing has led some people to label birds as  less effective at dosage compensation than mammals.
• Studying nonsense-mediated decay has allowed scientists to determine the causes for certain heritable diseases and dosage compensation in mammals.
• The nematode " Caenorhabditis elegans " has an SMC4-variant that has a specialized role in dosage compensation.
• X inactivation plays a key role in dosage compensation mechanisms that allow for equal expression of the X and autosomal chromosomes.
• These findings suggest that platypuses may employ a hybrid form of dosage compensation that combines feature from mammals as well as birds.
• There are three main mechanisms of achieving dosage compensation which are widely documented in the literature and which are common to most species.
• Thus, dosage compensation in mammals is largely achieved through the silencing of one of two female X chromosomes via X-inactivation.
• Thus, the function of the selective silencing may be to spare dosage compensation of genes crucial for sex determination of homologous pairing.
• Different species have different dosage compensation methods, with all of the methods involving the regulation of an X chromosome from one of the either sexes.